Example Concept: Quantum error correction schemes, such as the surface code or Shor's code, use redundancy to protect quantum information from errors. This involves encoding a single logical qubit into multiple physical qubits and applying a sequence of gates to detect and correct errors. The increased circuit depth comes from the additional gates required for encoding, syndrome extraction, and correction operations, which must be executed frequently to maintain qubit fidelity. This overhead impacts the overall execution time and necessitates efficient transpilation and optimization strategies to mitigate the effects on quantum computation.