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How does quantum entanglement enhance secure communication in quantum networks?
Asked on Jan 28, 2026
Answer
Quantum entanglement enhances secure communication in quantum networks by enabling Quantum Key Distribution (QKD), which allows two parties to share a secret key with provable security based on the principles of quantum mechanics. Entangled qubits are used to detect eavesdropping, as any attempt to measure the entangled state by an interceptor will disturb the system, revealing the presence of an intruder.
Example Concept: In QKD protocols like BB84 or E91, entangled qubits are distributed between two parties. Each party measures their qubits in pre-agreed bases. The correlations between the measurement outcomes are used to generate a shared secret key. The security is guaranteed by the no-cloning theorem and the fact that any eavesdropping attempt introduces detectable anomalies in the entanglement correlations.
Additional Comment:
- Quantum entanglement ensures that any eavesdropping attempt changes the state of the qubits, which can be detected by the communicating parties.
- Protocols like BB84 do not require entanglement but can be enhanced by it, while E91 directly utilizes entangled pairs.
- Entanglement-based QKD is a key technology for building future quantum networks and secure communication channels.
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