Example Concept: Quantum error correction uses redundancy to encode a logical qubit into a larger number of physical qubits. Common codes like the Shor code or the surface code can correct for both bit-flip and phase-flip errors by using syndrome measurements to identify and correct errors. This process involves entangling qubits and using ancillary qubits to perform non-destructive error detection, ensuring that the logical qubit remains intact even if some physical qubits are affected by noise.