Example Concept: Quantum error correction codes like the surface code utilize a lattice of physical qubits to encode logical qubits, where stabilizer measurements detect errors. These measurements do not collapse the quantum state but provide syndromes indicating the presence and type of errors (e.g., bit-flip or phase-flip). By applying corrective operations based on these syndromes, the logical qubit's integrity is maintained, even in the presence of gate operation errors.