Example Concept: The Shor code is a well-known quantum error correction code that protects against both bit-flip and phase-flip errors by encoding one logical qubit into nine physical qubits. It uses a combination of repetition codes and entanglement to detect and correct errors. The code first encodes the logical qubit into three qubits to protect against bit-flips, and then each of these is further encoded into three qubits to protect against phase-flips, allowing the detection and correction of single-qubit errors.